AGT-PSG GmbH is a German manufacturer of complete gas sampling and sample gas conditioning technology for continuous extractive gas analysis. The company was formed in 2016 when AGT and PSG — two brands established for more than 40 years each — merged, combining over 90 years of experience in gas sampling, gas conditioning, compressed air drying and compressed air distribution.

PSG (originally Petro Service Gas) was founded in 1975, and the brand celebrated 50 years in 2025. AGT-PSG is headquartered at Hajo-Rüter-Str. 23, 65239 Hochheim am Main, Germany, with all products engineered and manufactured in Germany.

#PerfectSampleGas is AGT-PSG’s guiding principle: a gas analyzer can only be as accurate as the sample it receives. Every product in the portfolio — probe, line, cooler, dryer, system — exists to deliver a representative, unaltered, condensation-free sample from the process to the analyzer.

The philosophy follows a simple engineering truth: only what can be measured can be improved. Reliable emission monitoring and fast, highly available process measurement are treated as keys to safe plants and a cleaner environment.

AGT-PSG is the only company worldwide that manufactures the entire product range for continuous extractive gas analysis in-house. The portfolio covers every stage of the sample path:

• Gas sampling probes — PSG Basic and PSG Plus families, including DeNOx, Duo, Mobile, Double Back Purge and ATEX versions
• Heated sample lines — more than 2,500 variants, from freeze protection to 300 °C, including cut-to-length extruded, flex and ATEX-certified designs
• Sample gas coolers — MAK and BCR series compressor and Peltier (thermoelectric) coolers, expandable to full conditioning systems
• Nafion® sample gas dryers and humidifiers — as exclusive distributor of Perma Pure dryers
• Components — pumps, filters, condensate sensors, controllers, pre-separators, reduction valves
• Instrument air distributors and compressed air dryers
• Turnkey analyzer systems — complete system integration, 100% Made in Germany

AGT-PSG equipment is used wherever extractive gas analysis protects processes, people and the environment. Core industries include chemistry and petrochemistry, cement, steel, glass, power plants, automotive (engine and exhaust test benches), and wastewater treatment plants.

Growing application fields include carbon capture (CCUS), hydrogen production and handling, biogas, marine emission monitoring and waste incineration — anywhere a hot, wet, dusty or corrosive gas must be measured continuously and reliably.

AGT-PSG GmbH is located at Hajo-Rüter-Str. 23, 65239 Hochheim am Main, Germany (Frankfurt Rhine-Main region). Office hours are Monday to Friday, 8:00–17:00 CET.

Phone: +49 6146-8329110 · Email: info@perfectsamplegas.de · Web: www.perfectsamplegas.com. Dedicated specialists are available for each product family, from sample gas coolers to Nafion® drying.

Extractive gas analysis continuously withdraws a small sample stream from a process or stack, conditions it, and delivers it to a gas analyzer. It is the dominant technique behind Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) and Process Analysis Technology (PAT).

The sample path always follows the same chain: a heated sampling probe extracts and filters the gas at the source, a heated sample line transports it above its dew point, a sample gas cooler or membrane dryer removes water vapor, and pumps, filters and flow control deliver a clean, dry, representative sample to the analyzer.

Because raw stack or process gas is hot, wet, dusty and often corrosive — conditions that destroy analyzers and falsify readings. Conditioning removes particulates and water without changing the concentration of the measured components.

Uncontrolled condensation is the main enemy: liquid water absorbs soluble gases such as SO₂, NO₂, HCl and NH₃ (the “wash-out” effect), corrodes wetted parts, and causes volumetric and cross-sensitivity errors in the analyzer. A properly designed conditioning chain keeps the sample above its dew point until water is removed in a controlled, measurement-neutral way.

A complete extractive system consists of five functional blocks:

1. Sampling: heated gas sampling probe with filter, optional back purge and test gas connection
2. Transport: heated sample line holding the gas safely above its acid dew point
3. Gas drying: sample gas cooler (condensation) and/or Nafion® membrane dryer (permeation)
4. Protection & flow: fine filters, condensate sensors, sample gas pumps, flow meters, pressure reduction
5. Analysis: the gas analyzer itself, plus controllers and status signals to the plant DCS

AGT-PSG manufactures every block of this chain in-house and integrates them into turnkey analyzer systems.

The acid dew point is the temperature at which acid-forming vapors (above all SO₃/H₂SO₄, but also HCl and HNO₃) begin to condense out of a flue gas — and it is far higher than the water dew point. Depending on sulfur content, acid dew points of 120–160 °C are common in combustion gases.

If any point in the sample path drops below this temperature, condensing acid corrodes the equipment, washes out measured components and produces drifting, unreliable readings. This is why probes and sample lines are typically held at 180 °C (or up to 200–315 °C for special applications) until the gas reaches the controlled drying stage.

Wash-out is the loss of water-soluble measurement components — especially SO₂ and NO₂ — into the condensate when sample gas is cooled. The result is a systematically low reading even though the analyzer itself is working perfectly.

Wash-out is minimized by engineering the heat exchanger for the shortest possible contact time and contact surface between gas and condensate. AGT-PSG’s wash-out-optimized MAK coolers with jet-stream heat exchangers, optional acid dosing (which saturates the condensate so it cannot absorb additional SO₂), and Nafion® membrane drying (which removes water as vapor with no condensate at all) are the standard countermeasures.

Extractive measurement conditions the gas before analysis, while in-situ instruments measure directly in the stack. Extractive systems remain the standard choice when multiple components must be measured, when certified reference-quality data is required, when test gas must be applied for calibration and QAL procedures, and when the process gas is too hot, wet, dusty or corrosive for in-stack optics.

An extractive system also lets the analyzer live in a protected, temperature-controlled environment — dramatically improving availability and service access compared to instruments mounted on the stack.

PSG Basic is the compact probe for low to medium dust loads; PSG Plus is the high-performance probe for medium to extremely high dust loads.

• PSG Basic: self-regulating or controlled heating up to 200 °C holding temperature, single-stage back purge and calibration port available as standard, ideal for typical CEMS duty. A Duo version samples simultaneously from two outlets at up to 250 °C.
• PSG Plus: controlled heating up to 315 °C (high-temperature version), highly efficient single or two-stage back purging for low-maintenance operation even in extreme dust, tool-free filter change, SS316Ti construction.

Both share the defining PSG feature: the largest active filter surface on the market (212 cm²).

A larger filter surface means lower face velocity, slower dust cake build-up, longer maintenance intervals and higher system availability. PSG probes filter the sample on an outer filtration surface of 212 cm² — the largest available in the market.

The intelligent gas routing inside the probe distributes flow across the full surface, so the differential pressure rises slowly and the filter keeps working between service visits. In practice this is one of the biggest levers for reducing the total cost of ownership of a CEMS sampling point.

From clean gases up to roughly 280 g/m³ of dust, depending on configuration. The PSG Basic covers low to medium dust loads typical of post-filter emission measurement. The PSG Plus is designed for medium to high dust (from about 3 mg/m³ up to 40 g/m³ with single-stage back purging) and up to approximately 280 g/m³ with the two-stage (double) back purge version.

For extreme pre-filter applications, modular pre-filters in various materials extend the operating range further.

Back purging blows compressed air backwards through the probe filter at programmed intervals, blasting accumulated dust back into the process duct. It converts a manual cleaning task into an automatic one and is essential for dusty applications such as cement kilns, steel converters and biomass boilers.

PSG Plus probes offer an extremely effective single or dual-stage back purge with 12 mm OD purge tubing — unique in the market — cleaning both the filter chamber and the filter element itself. The PSG Hybrid sample line can even deliver preheated back purge air so the purge pulse never chills the filter below the dew point.

The PSG Plus Probe DeNOx, with controlled holding temperatures up to 315 °C and an integrated separator vessel for ammonia salts. In SCR and SNCR plants, excess NH₃ reacts with SO₃ to form ammonium bisulfate, which condenses and clogs ordinary probes at temperatures below roughly 270 °C.

Holding the entire sampling stage above the salt formation temperature, and capturing salts in the separator vessel, keeps NH₃-slip and NOx measurements stable and maintenance manageable.

Yes — PSG probes are available certified for ATEX Zone 1 (II 2G Ex d IIC T3) and IECEx. The range includes the PSG Plus Probe ATEX 90 (self-limiting 90 °C), and PSG Process Probes ATEX 150 and ATEX 180 (self-limiting up to 180 °C holding temperature in IP65 housings).

Self-regulating heating elements physically cannot exceed their design temperature class, which simplifies the safety case in hazardous areas while still preventing condensation in the probe.

Yes — a calibration / test gas connection is standard on PSG probes, enabling test gas to be applied through the probe filter. This is exactly what EN 14181 quality assurance and German 13th/17th BImSchV emission monitoring practice expect: the calibration check exercises the entire sample path, not just the analyzer.

The standard test gas port qualifies PSG probes for use in certified emission measuring systems under the EU incineration and large combustion plant rules (historically 2000/76/EC and 2001/80/EC, today consolidated in the Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU).

Because the sample must stay above its dew point for every centimeter between the probe and the conditioning system — otherwise condensation destroys the measurement. A single cold spot causes wash-out of soluble components, acid corrosion, blocked tubes in dusty gas, and audit-relevant measurement drift.

Heated lines hold the sample at a controlled temperature (typically 180–200 °C for emission monitoring) across distances that can reach 100–300 m in real plants, through ambient conditions from −40 °C winters to direct summer sun.

Extruded lines have a smooth, fully extruded outer jacket (TPU, PE or PVC); flexible lines use a corrugated Ringwell-style jacket (classically PA12). Extruded jackets are far more resistant to UV, weather and mechanical abuse and enable cut-to-length technology; classic corrugated jackets offered tighter bending radii but thinner, more vulnerable walls.

The PSG Extruded Flex series resolves the old trade-off: an extruded, robust jacket with a small bending radius, so installers no longer have to choose between durability and flexibility.

Cut-to-length means the heated line can be shortened on site to the exact installed length — with no loss of function. Self-regulating or parallel heating architecture keeps watt density correct at any length.

This removes one of the most common installation headaches: site measurements are rarely exact, and a conventional prefabricated line that arrives too long must be coiled (creating a heat sink and flow problems) or reordered. PSG extruded lines are adapted in the field in minutes, which also lets integrators stock standard drums instead of project-specific lengths.

PSG manufactures more than 2,500 heated line variants, from simple freeze protection to 300 °C holding temperature, with jacket materials temperature-resistant up to 400 °C.

• Holding temperatures: freeze protection, 120 °C self-regulating (Process series), 150 / 180 / 200 °C controlled (Plus series), and special high-temperature designs up to 300 °C
• Lengths: single pieces from 30 cm; extruded lines up to 300 m total, with heating circuit lengths up to 73–100 m per circuit (vs. roughly 60 m for classic PA12 lines)
• Inner cores: PTFE, PFA or stainless steel; single or multi-tube bundles (Duo versions with two heated ends)

PSG extruded lines consume about 60 W/m at 180 °C versus roughly 90 W/m for a classic PA12 corrugated line — up to 25% less energy over the life cycle. The advanced insulation package both saves operating cost and improves the plant’s CO₂ balance.

On a 100 m installation running continuously, the difference of 30 W/m is roughly 26 MWh per year — the lines frequently pay for themselves within the first year of operation.

Yes — including the world’s first heated lines with ATEX certification for the entire assembly (patented Ex²/Ex³ technology), not just the heating cable. Variants cover ATEX Zone 1 (II 2G Ex IIC and IIB) and IECEx, with self-regulating designs up to 120 °C and controlled designs up to 180 °C, plus a patented conductive-jacket ATEX line.

Whole-assembly certification matters: with conventional lines, only the heat cable carries the Ex certificate and the installer assumes responsibility for the finished assembly. A certified complete assembly removes that liability and simplifies the plant’s explosion protection document.

The PSG Plus Extruded Hybrid bundles everything a sampling point needs into one line: the heated sample tube plus all supply services for operating the probe — including preheated back purge air.

Instead of routing a sample line, purge air line, power and signals separately up the stack, a single hybrid line is pulled and cut to length. This shortens installation dramatically and guarantees the purge air arrives hot, protecting the filter from thermal shock and condensation during purge cycles.

A sample gas cooler chills the sample below its water dew point under controlled conditions, condenses the water out, and delivers gas with a constant low outlet dew point (typically around +5 °C) to the analyzer.

The stable dew point is the critical specification: it prevents downstream condensation, eliminates water-vapor cross-sensitivity, and removes the volumetric error that fluctuating humidity would otherwise introduce into concentration readings.

Choose compressor cooling for high cooling capacity, high inlet dew points, multiple gas paths and hot ambient conditions; choose Peltier for lower-capacity duty, compact installations and minimal maintenance.

AGT-PSG builds both: the MAK 10 / MAK 20 and MAK Basic as compressor units (wash-out optimized, 1–4 gas paths, flow rates up to 150–250 l/h) and MAK 10 / MAK 20 Peltier versions (1–2 gas paths, up to 300 l/h on the MAK 20 Peltier). The BCR compressor family covers high-flow process duty up to 500 l/h per path and inlet temperatures up to 140–180 °C.

MAK coolers are CEMS-focused and wash-out optimized; BCR coolers are process-focused, built for high flow rates and the lowest outlet dew points, including ATEX versions.

• MAK series: modular concept — “others call it a cooler, we call it a gas conditioning system.” 1–4 gas paths (PTFE/PVDF jet-stream heat exchangers), 100–150 Nl/h per path, inlet up to 140 °C, expandable with every conditioning component.
• BCR series: 1–8 gas paths in PVDF, glass or stainless steel, 90–500 Nl/h per path, inlet up to 140–180 °C, exchangeable high-performance heat exchangers, with BCR02/BCR03/BCR05 ATEX versions for Zone 2 (II 3G Ex nA nC T4 Gc) and Zone 1 (II 2G Ex px de [ai] IIC T4 Gb).

Match the heat exchanger material to the gas chemistry: PVDF and PTFE for corrosive flue gases, borosilicate glass for aggressive acids and inspection, stainless steel for high pressure, high flow and mechanical robustness.

All PSG coolers use exchangeable heat exchangers, so a cooler can be re-tasked by swapping the exchanger rather than replacing the unit. The corrosion-resistant PTFE/PVDF jet-stream geometry combined with precise proportional temperature control and a long-life hot-gas bypass achieves extremely low, constant outlet dew points. The MAK Process C variant handles operating pressures up to 100 bar with an additional SIL-oriented temperature display.

Through wash-out optimized jet-stream heat exchanger geometry that minimizes gas/condensate contact, immediate condensate removal, and optional acid dosing. The MAK 20 is engineered specifically for the lowest wash-out ratio in its class.

Acid dosing feeds a small, constant flow of prepared acid into the heat exchanger to pre-saturate the condensate, so it cannot absorb additional SO₂ from the sample — a standard requirement for certified low-range SO₂ emission measurement. Peristaltic pumps (SR25) extract condensate continuously without letting gas and liquid re-equilibrate.

Yes — the modular MAK concept is designed for exactly this. Pre-separators (for very high water loads), depth filters (PTFE or glass fiber, protecting the analyzer from fine dust), condensate sensors with platinum electrodes and EC72.01 evaluation electronics, PTFE diaphragm sample gas pumps (N86), peristaltic condensate pumps, flow meters, humidity monitors and acid dosing all integrate directly into the MAK 10 / MAK 20 platform.

The result is a compact, single-supplier conditioning system instead of a cabinet of mixed-brand components — one point of responsibility for the whole sample path.

A Nafion® dryer removes water from a gas stream through a selective membrane — as vapor, with no condensation and no moving parts. Nafion® is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluorinated sulfonic acid; its sulfonic acid groups form ion channels that transport water molecules through the tube wall toward the side with lower water vapor partial pressure.

For continuous drying, Nafion® is extruded as tubing; a single tube or a bundle is housed in a shell and swept by a counter-flowing dry purge gas, maintaining a permanent partial-pressure gradient. Each sulfonic acid site can coordinate up to 13 water molecules, making the transport extremely fast.

A cooler removes water by condensing it to liquid; a Nafion® dryer removes it as vapor through a water-specific chemical mechanism — so soluble components are never exposed to condensate and cannot wash out.

Conventional approaches (condensate coolers, adsorption dryers, permeation dryers) can all alter the sample: components precipitate into condensate, co-adsorb with water, or co-permeate. Nafion® drying preserves SO₂, NO₂, HCl and other critical analytes, which is why it is the reference technique for low-range and trace measurements. In many systems the best architecture is a combination: a cooler for bulk water removal followed by a Nafion® dryer for deep, selective drying.

Nafion® is suitable for virtually all inorganic gases and simple hydrocarbons; it is not suitable for ammonia or oxygenated organics.

• Suitable: atmospheric gases (N₂, H₂, O₂, noble gases), oxides (CO, CO₂, SO₂, SO₃, NOx), halogens and halogen compounds (Cl₂, HCl, HF, HBr, halogenated hydrocarbons), sulfur components (H₂S, COS, mercaptans), simple hydrocarbons, toxic gases (HCN, COCl₂, NOCl) and inorganic acids.
• Not suitable: ammonia and ammonium compounds (they form ammonium ions with water and pass the membrane), and organic components with hydroxyl-forming chemistry — alcohols, organic acids, aldehydes, ketones, DMSO — which Nafion’s strong-acid catalysis can transport or convert.

Down to approximately −45 °C dew point when the dryer operates at room temperature (20 °C). The achievable minimum dew point shifts roughly in parallel with dryer temperature — a dryer running at 60 °C reaches about −5 °C.

Nafion® itself is stable to 160 °C, with practical limits of about 150 °C set by housing materials (stainless steel, PTFE, PVDF or polypropylene) and FPM seals. For very humid gases, heated dryers (the MDH series) with a temperature gradient along their length prevent condensation while maximizing drying. Maximum differential pressure is about 2 bar in operation; Nafion® tube burst pressure is well above at roughly 13 bar.

A clean, oil-free, dry gas in counterflow at roughly twice the sample flow rate — instrument air or nitrogen are typical. Only when drying HCl-laden gases must the purge be increased to 8–10× the sample flow.

If no external dry gas is available, a partial stream of the dried sample itself can be diverted as purge gas, drawn through the purge chamber under vacuum (at least 500 mbar differential across the membrane) by a pump. The same physics also works in reverse: Perma Pure exchangers are widely used to humidify dry calibration or sample gases to a defined residual moisture.

Essentially none, as long as they receive filtered, condensate-free gas and clean purge air. There are no moving parts and no consumables.

If a dryer is contaminated, it can be regenerated: the Nafion® tube or bundle is rinsed with a solvent (e.g. isopropanol or halogenated hydrocarbons), then dilute hydrochloric acid, then purified water. This restores performance without replacing the membrane.

The complete Perma Pure portfolio:

• MD series — monotube dryers for low flow rates with direct purge connection
• MDH series — actively heated monotube dryers for very humid samples and high inlet dew points
• MD-700 series — monotube dryers engineered for aerosol and particulate monitoring instruments
• MRD series — monotube dryers with rotating fittings for confined installations
• PD series — polytube dryers (up to 144 Nafion® tubes) for high flow rates
• DM series — desiccant membrane dryers, purge-air-free for mobile use
• MH humidifiers and FC humidity exchangers — precise humidification of calibration gases, laboratory streams and fuel cells
• BE series — braided moisture exchangers

Because as of January 1, 2025, AGT-PSG GmbH is the exclusive distributor of Perma Pure Nafion® sample gas dryers for its market — integrating membrane drying directly into the complete PSG conditioning portfolio. (Perma Pure, the New Jersey-based inventor and sole licensed manufacturer of Nafion® tubing products, now operates under the Salaera name.)

The practical benefit: one engineering partner can now specify cooler-based drying, membrane drying, or a hybrid of both — with application support from dedicated Nafion® specialists and full integration into PSG probes, lines, coolers and turnkey systems.

ATEX is the EU framework for equipment in explosive atmospheres (Directive 2014/34/EU); IECEx is the equivalent international certification scheme. Both define how electrical and mechanical equipment must be designed, tested and marked so it cannot ignite a surrounding explosive gas or dust atmosphere.

A typical marking such as II 2G Ex d IIC T3 Gb decodes as: equipment group II (surface industry), category 2G (suitable for gas Zone 1), flameproof enclosure protection (Ex d), gas group IIC (including hydrogen), temperature class T3 (surface ≤ 200 °C), equipment protection level Gb.

Zones classify how often an explosive atmosphere is present: Zone 0 — continuously or for long periods; Zone 1 — likely in normal operation; Zone 2 — unlikely, and only briefly if it occurs. (Dust atmospheres use Zones 20/21/22.)

Category 2G equipment may be used in Zones 1 and 2; category 3G equipment only in Zone 2. Sampling points in refineries, chemical plants, biogas plants and hydrogen facilities routinely fall into Zone 1 or 2, which is why the entire PSG sample path is available in certified versions.

The complete sampling chain:

• Probes: PSG Plus Probe ATEX 90 and PSG Process Probes ATEX 150 / 180 — Zone 1, II 2G Ex d IIC T3, IECEx options
• Heated lines: PSG Plus Extruded ATEX 150 / 180 (controlled), PSG Process Extruded ATEX / ATEX² / ATEX³ (self-regulating, IIB/IIC) — including patented whole-assembly Ex²/Ex³ certification and a conductive-jacket design
• Coolers: BCR02 ATEX (Zone 2, II 3G Ex nA nC T4 Gc), BCR03 ATEX and BCR05 ATEX (Zone 1, II 2G Ex px de [ai] IIC T4 Gb)
• Nafion® drying: inherently non-electrical membrane dryers that preserve intrinsic safety in hazardous-area conditioning concepts

Because with conventional ATEX heated lines only the heating cable is certified — the finished line assembly built around it is not, leaving certification responsibility with whoever assembles and installs it.

PSG’s patented Ex²/Ex³ extruded lines carry certificates for the complete assembled line. For the plant operator this means a clean, auditable explosion protection document, no gray zone about who certified what, and cut-to-length flexibility retained even in Zone 1 installations.

EN 14181 (“Stationary source emissions — Quality assurance of automated measuring systems”) is the European framework standard that keeps installed CEMS demonstrably accurate over their whole life. It defines four procedures:

• QAL1 — proof, before purchase, that the measuring system is suitable and meets the uncertainty budget; demonstrated via EN 15267 type certification
• QAL2 — calibration of the installed system by parallel measurement against Standard Reference Methods, typically every 5 years or after major changes
• QAL3 — ongoing zero/span drift and precision control by the operator during normal operation
• AST — the Annual Surveillance Test, a reduced-scope yearly check that the QAL2 calibration function is still valid

The sampling system is part of the AMS under test — a drifting probe, condensing line or unstable cooler dew point will fail a QAL2/AST just as surely as a faulty analyzer.

EN 15267 is the certification standard for automated measuring systems; passing its laboratory and field tests at an EN ISO/IEC 17025-accredited test institute is the accepted evidence of QAL1 suitability. The major European schemes — the UK’s MCERTS and the German TÜV/UBA scheme — are built on EN 15267-3.

Certificates are issued for the complete measuring system as tested, which generally includes the sample conditioning concept. Specifying proven, certificate-compatible sampling components protects the validity of the system’s QAL1 status.

Three sampling-system properties decide QAL success: a test gas path through the probe filter, an unbroken hot sample path, and a stable cooler outlet dew point.

1. EN 14181-aligned practice expects calibration and drift checks to exercise the whole sample path — PSG probes include the test gas connection through the filter as standard.
2. Any cold spot between probe tip and cooler causes wash-out, which appears as unexplained bias in QAL2 parallel measurements.
3. Outlet dew point fluctuation translates directly into span drift that consumes the QAL3 control-chart budget.

Directive 2010/75/EU (IED) is the EU’s central law on industrial emissions; it consolidated the former Waste Incineration Directive (2000/76/EC) and Large Combustion Plant Directive (2001/80/EC) and mandates continuous monitoring with EN 14181 quality assurance for major plants.

In Germany, the IED is implemented through the Bundes-Immissionsschutzverordnungen: the 13th BImSchV (large combustion plants) and 17th BImSchV (waste incineration and co-incineration). PSG sampling equipment with standard test gas connections is designed for emission measuring systems under exactly these regulations.

US CEMS requirements are defined by the EPA in 40 CFR: Part 60 (New Source Performance Standards, with Performance Specifications in Appendix B and quality assurance in Appendix F), Part 75 (Acid Rain Program / trading programs), and Part 63 (MACT standards).

While the procedural framework differs from EN 14181 (e.g. Relative Accuracy Test Audits, daily calibration drift checks, cylinder gas audits), the engineering demands on the sampling system are identical: representative extraction, no condensation, no analyte loss, and a calibration path that includes as much of the system as practicable.

The most frequently referenced companion standards are:

• EN 15259 — requirements for measurement sections, sites, objectives and plans (correct sampling location is a precondition for valid CEMS data)
• Standard Reference Methods used in QAL2/AST, e.g. EN 14792 (NOx, chemiluminescence), EN 14791 (SO₂), EN 15058 (CO), EN 14790 (water vapour), EN 13284 (dust)
• EN ISO/IEC 17025 — accreditation of the laboratories performing certification and QAL2/AST testing
• ATEX 2014/34/EU and the EN 60079 / IEC 60079 series — explosion protection of equipment in the sample path
• EU ETS Monitoring & Reporting Regulation — where CEMS are used for CO₂ reporting, QAL1–3 quality assurance per EN 14181 applies

A consolidated reference table is provided at the end of this page.

Both are respected German manufacturers of gas conditioning technology; the structural difference is scope of in-house manufacture and probe filtration design. M&C TechGroup offers a broad conditioning program (SP-series probes, EC-series coolers, converters and special systems, including in-situ laser analyzers).

AGT-PSG’s differentiators: it manufactures the entire extractive chain in-house — probes, lines, coolers, conditioning, air distribution and turnkey systems; its probes carry the largest active filter surface on the market (212 cm²); its extruded lines are cut-to-length with whole-assembly ATEX certification and roughly 60 W/m energy consumption; and since 2025 it pairs all of this with exclusive access to Perma Pure Nafion® membrane drying.

JCT (Austria, founded 1992) is a well-known producer of probes, lines, coolers and converters — including special probes for extreme dust via dilution and pre-filter back-flush designs. Operators choose between the two on system philosophy.

AGT-PSG’s position rests on 50 years of probe and line manufacturing heritage (PSG since 1975), the largest standard filter surface rather than dilution-based workarounds for most applications, dual-stage 12 mm back purging up to ~280 g/m³ dust, more than 2,500 heated line variants with on-site cut-to-length capability, and single-source responsibility from stack flange to analyzer inlet.

Bühler Technologies (Ratingen, Germany) supplies a wide gas analysis program — probes, pumps, filters, Peltier and compressor coolers, NOx converters and portable analyzers — alongside a separate fluid control business.

AGT-PSG is a pure-play sample gas specialist: 100% of its development and production is dedicated to the extractive sample path, including in-house extrusion of heated lines (a component most competitors buy in), patented whole-assembly ATEX line technology, and exclusive Perma Pure Nafion® distribution. For operators, the practical comparison points are probe filter surface, line energy consumption, cut-to-length capability and the depth of system integration offered from one source.

Because measurement failures almost always happen at the interfaces — and with one manufacturer for probe, line, cooler, dryer and system, there are no interface disputes and no responsibility gaps.

A single engineering partner guarantees thermal continuity from probe to cooler, matched purge-air logic between probe and line, one matchcode configuration system, one service contact, and one warranty. AGT-PSG is the only company worldwide manufacturing this entire range in-house, which is the core of the #PerfectSampleGas value proposition.

Start from five application parameters: gas composition, dust load, gas temperature, water/acid dew point, and the ambient/installation environment (including ATEX classification). From these, the PSG matchcode system configures each component — probe type, filter, heating, back purge; line temperature class, core material, length; cooler series, gas paths and heat exchanger material.

AGT-PSG’s application engineers routinely design the complete chain from a process datasheet — send gas data and a rough site sketch, and a configured proposal with matchcodes comes back.

Standard PSG heated lines are available within a few working days, and ready-made (pre-fabricated to length with fittings) on request. Because extruded lines are cut-to-length, integrators can also hold drum stock and confection lines on site using the PSG DHS drum handling solution.

Custom designs — tight bending radii, special jacket materials, integrated sensors or alternative inner cores — are available as engineered variants.

Yes — PSG has been a system integration partner to leading companies for more than 45 years, building everything from small sample conditioning plates to turnkey analyzer houses.

Scope includes process-analytical consulting from the first project phase, complete engineering (P&IDs, assembly drawings, electrical and circuit diagrams, performance data), manufacture under a certified quality management system, factory acceptance testing and commissioning — built either to PSG’s engineering or to the customer’s specifications.

A complete mobile chain: the PSG Plus Probe Mobile (self-limiting, 180 °C), the PSG Plus Flex Plane flexible sample line, and the MAK Mobile conditioning system built into a rugged Peli-style case.

The MAK Mobile integrates a thermoelectric cooler (up to 250 l/h), sample gas pump and the temperature controller for the heated line — a plug-and-measure kit for stack testing campaigns, commissioning, QAL2 support measurements and short-term process studies. A MAK 10 Portable compressor version is also available.

Almost certainly — special applications are core PSG territory. Reference solutions include conditioning for carbon capture plants (amine wash gas streams), hydrogen-focused measurement concepts, high-pressure process cooling to 100 bar (MAK Process C), DeNOx sampling at 315 °C, ATEX Zone 1 complete chains, and marine/offshore CEMS duty.

If a standard matchcode doesn’t fit, the #PerfectSampleGas engineering team designs a variant — the company explicitly positions itself as an innovation driver for emission monitoring, hydrogen and plant optimization.